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Colonisation or colonization is the process in biology by which a species spreads to new areas. Colonisation often refers to ''successful'' immigration where a population becomes integrated into a community, having resisted initial local extinction. One classic model in biogeography posits that species must continue to colonize new areas through its life cycle (called a ''taxon cycle'') in order to achieve longevity.〔Wilson, E.O. (1962) The nature of the Taxon Cycle in Melanesian ant fauna http://www.zoology.siu.edu/sears/Wilson1961.pdf The American Naturalist〕 Accordingly, colonisation and extinction are key components of island biogeography, a theory that has many applications in ecology, such as metapopulations. ==Scales== :The term can be used to describe colonisation on: *biofilm scales: the formation of communities of microorganisms on surfaces. *small scales: colonising new sites, perhaps as a result of environmental change. *large scales: where a species expands its range to encompass new areas. This can be via a series of small encroachments or by long-distance dispersal. The term range expansion is often used. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Colonisation (biology)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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